Interactive Ethics Education as an Initial Approach to Character Development Among Elementary School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62817/sentara.v1i2.546Keywords:
ethics; character education; elementary students; interactive education; community serviceAbstract
Character formation in elementary school requires ethical learning that is concrete, contextual, and reinforced over time. Preliminary observations at Budi Luhur Elementary School, Cimahi, identified a need to reinforce politeness, discipline, responsibility, environmental care, and respect for teachers and peers. This community service activity aimed to improve third-grade students' understanding of ethics and evaluate immediate changes in knowledge after an interactive educational session. The program was conducted on April 16, 2026, with 31 students using a pre-test, everyday-life scenarios, interactive presentation, discussion, question-and-answer activities, educational games, and a post-test. Paired analysis included 27 students with complete numeric data; four records were excluded because they were incomplete or non-numeric. The mean score increased from 41.85 to 43.70 out of 50, but the Wilcoxon signed-rank test did not show a statistically significant change (W = 15, p = 0.166). Seven students improved, 17 remained unchanged, and three declined. Process observations showed active participation, but engagement was not treated as evidence of effectiveness or character change. The activity is best interpreted as an initial educational program; sustained habituation, teacher modeling, parental involvement, repeated sessions, and follow-up evaluation with a more sensitive instrument are recommended.
References
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice-Hall.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Cipriano, C., Strambler, M. J., Naples, L. H., Ha, C., Kirk, M., Wood, M., Sehgal, K., Zieher, A. K., Eveleigh, A., McCarthy, M., Funaro, M., Ponnock, A., Chow, J. C., & Durlak, J. (2023). The state of evidence for social and emotional learning: A contemporary meta-analysis of universal school-based SEL interventions. Child Development, 94(5), 1181-1204. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13968
Corcoran, R. P., Cheung, A. C. K., Kim, E., & Xie, C. (2018). Effective universal school-based social and emotional learning programs for improving academic achievement: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 years of research. Educational Research Review, 25, 56-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2017.12.001
Cosso, J., von Suchodoletz, A., & Yoshikawa, H. (2022). Effects of parental involvement programs on young children's academic and social-emotional outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 36(8), 1329-1339. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000992
Ha, C., McCarthy, M. F., Strambler, M. J., & Cipriano, C. (2025). Disentangling the effects of social and emotional learning programs on student academic achievement across grades 1-12: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543251367769
Hafina, A., Nur, L., & Malik, A. A. (2022). The development and validation of a character education model through traditional games based on the Socratic method in an elementary school. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 41(2), 404-415. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v41i2.46125
Hidayat, M., Rozak, R. W. A., Hakam, K. A., Kembara, M. D., & Parhan, M. (2022). Character education in Indonesia: How is it internalized and implemented in virtual learning? Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 41(1), 186-198. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v41i1.45920
Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education of the Republic of Indonesia. (2025). Regulation of the Minister of Primary and Secondary Education of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2025 concerning Graduate Competency Standards for Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, and Secondary Education [in Indonesian].
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam Books.
Meindl, P., Quirk, A., & Graham, J. (2018). Best practices for school-based moral education. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732217747087
Pike, M. A., Hart, P., Paul, S.-A. S., Lickona, T., & Clarke, P. (2021). Character development through the curriculum: Teaching and assessing the understanding and practice of virtue. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 53(4), 449-466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2020.1755996
President of the Republic of Indonesia. (2017). Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 87 of 2017 concerning Strengthening Character Education [in Indonesian].
Republic of Indonesia. (2003). Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System [in Indonesian].
Sailer, M., & Homner, L. (2020). The gamification of learning: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(1), 77-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09498-w
Shim, J. (2023). Investigating the effectiveness of introducing virtual reality to elementary school students' moral education. Computers & Education: X Reality, 2, 100010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cexr.2023.100010
Taylor, R. D., Oberle, E., Durlak, J. A., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Promoting positive youth development through school-based social and emotional learning interventions: A meta-analysis of follow-up effects. Child Development, 88(4), 1156-1171. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12864
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yosi Oktri, Endah Septiani, Risma Ayu Amelia, Alviona Rahayu, Neisa Verlianti

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.